A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria exist. How Alzheimer relate to mitochondrial defect

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria exist

Alzheimer’s is a type of degeneration of the nervous system that affects mainly thinking, memory and behaviours. Although, the precise cause of Alzheimer’s remains not fully comprehended, there is developing indications that the functioning of mitochondria; the cell subunits that produce energy, could form part of the pathology leading to the disorder.

Here are some key points regarding the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and mitochondria:

Mitochondrial Dysfunction: According to research, there is frequently dysfunction in neuron mitochondria of patients with Alzheimer’s illness. ATP, the primary energy source for cells, is produced by mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimers might also cause lesser amount of energy produced by neurons leading to their degeneration.

Oxidative Stress: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the most reactive molecules in the body and have potential to destroy cells when released in large quantities from mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease increases oxidative stress. Excessive buildup of these toxic proteins may also occur as a result of accumulated oxidative stress that destroys brain cells causing the presence of Beta Amyloid Plaques and Tau Tangles; symptoms common in dementia patients.

Mitochondrial DNA: Also, unlike other cellular components, mitochondria contain mtDNA. Some cases of Alzheimer’s disease has been reported with mutation on mtDNA. Such mutations may impair mitochondrial function and add to the evolution of the illness.

Enerenergygy Deficits: Energy production in the brain is vulnerable to interruptions which will have devastating consequences. Such mitochondrial dysfunction can reduce ATP production and impair neuronal function.